Type of Land Hard Title in Cambodia
The following are 3 types of hard titles available in Cambodia today:
1. Certificate of Land Occupancy and Use (chicken wing title)
This type of title existed from 1979 to 1994, and can be used to prove its legal ownership until today. Ownership transfer of this title is possible, but the new title will change to LMAP title instead, which is to be competent of provincial/municipal cadastre. Mortgages or hypothec are usually legal for this type of title.
2. Certificate of Immovable Property (second generation hard title)
This type of hard title was born on 1995 until present. This title deed is also the same type of title deed as the first one above, it is not a 100% legal title deed. This title is issued by the provincial / municipal Department of Land Management, Urban Planning, Construction and Cadastral Affairs of Cambodia and is issued to land owners in Cambodia only to certify the legal occupant but not yet become the owner of the occupied land. Therefore, the first and second types of title above are the type of title deed that is not yet 100% legal and also does not confirm the legal ownership of the occupied land, it is like a temporary ownership.
3. Certificate of Ownership for Immovable Property (LMAP Title)
This is the latest type of land title issued from 2002 to the present. Some people like to call this type of title deed as LMAP title or system title because this type of title is issued only to those landowners who have registered their land systematically (Systematic Land Registration) and that the land registration as a system was developed in 2002 with the assistance of the World Bank. On June 1, 2018, the Ministry of Land Management, Urban Planning and Construction, with the approval of the Office of the Council of Ministers, authorized the addition of a QR code system on the title to make it easier for the public to verify property information through QR scanning. A certificate of ownership of immovable property is a title deed that confirms the full legal ownership of the property and that the landowner becomes a 100% legal owner.